Thirty years ago on November 9, 1989, freedom celebrated one of the most splendid victories ever occurred in history. The fall of the Berlin wall, the collapse of the communist regimes and the dismantlement of the iron curtain paved the way to the end of the Cold War and the unification of East and West Germany, and Eastern and Western Europe.

30 years ago, the Berlin Wall, which had transformed the Hellenic Brandenburg Gate from the historical access to the city into an impassable barrier, fell. With symbolic intent, the quadriga crowning the gate, which once Napoleon had taken to Paris, was turned to face the other way.

There are many reasons why Germany is a Sonderfall, a special case. Also in terms of political education. There is no other country that has done and continues to do as much as Germany to educate citizens about democracy. The causes of this specialty obviously lie in the history of the 1900s and above all,....

On 23 July 2019, the Russian Government’s paper “Collective Security for the Persian Gulf Region” was presented in Moscow by the Deputy Foreign Minister, Mikhail Bogdanov.

Kashmir is not for sale. Someone commented, observing the Indo-Pak conflict which is mainly over Kashmir, that both India and Pakistan are fighting over Kashmir as dogs would fight over a bone. Kashmir does belong only to the people of Kashmir, who were independent of India and Pakistan.

The Pan-Amazon Synod that took place in Rome this October, requires a better knowledge of the Amazon ecosystem. Myths must be ferreted out.

At almost 89 years, on August 31, 2019, Immanuel Wallerstein, one of the greatest contemporary historians and sociologists, passed away. He has been a witness and interpreter of the era of successes, contradictions and crises of capitalism, of great international conflicts and the “cold war”, ....

In these weeks and these months, the debate about the future of the European Union intensified more than it ever has in the past. The European election has forced the political classes to take sides in an explicit or at least somewhat clear way.

In the new term of the European Parliament, one certain priority is the need to come up with an agenda to manage the structural interventions necessary for the sustainable development of the European economy, in particular to address the dramatic problem of climate change.